- School of Botany (1906 - ), Faculty of Science
- School of Chemistry (1886 - )
- School of Earth Sciences (1981 - ), Faculty of Science
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (1990s - ), Faculty of Engineering
- School of Geology, Department of Geology and Minerology
- see Department of Geology (1900 - 1980), Faculty of Science
- School of Natural Science
- see Office of the Professor of Natural Science (1854 - 1899), The University of Melbourne
- School of Physics (1945 - ), Faculty of Science
- Science Multimedia Teaching Unit, Faculty of Science
- Seddon, George
- Selby Research Award (1997 - ), Faculty of Science
- Sexton, Hannah Mary Helen (1862 - 1950), Surgeon and Gynaecologist
- Shaw, Frank Herbert, Chemist
- Singleton, F. A., Palaeontologist
- Sir Thomas Lyle Fellowship in Physics (1945 - ), Faculty of Science
- Skeats, Ernest Willington (1875 - 1953), Geologist
- Solomon, David Henry (1929 - ), Chemist
- Spencer, Walter Baldwin (1860 - 1929), Biologist, Anthropologist, Art patron and Zoologist
- Spicer, Brian Milton (1928 - ), Physicist and Nuclear physicist
- Statistical Consulting Centre (1984 - ), University of Melbourne
- Stranks, Donald Richard (1929 - 1986), Inorganic chemist
- Strauss, Werner, Chemical engineer
- Stubbs, Lionel Leslie, Agricultural chemist
- Summers, Herbert St John (1876 - 1963), Geologist
- Sutherland, Alexander (1852 - 1902), Headmaster and Journalist
- Sweet, Georgina (1875 - 1946), Zoologist
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